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Tax and legal alerts as they are issued, English translations of new Egyptian decrees, and longer guides — written and signed by the partners who do the work.
A distressed company can restructure, seek preventive composition, or be declared bankrupt. Law 11 of 2018 sets each route's conditions and its effect on creditors and management.
Who must keep regular books? Since 29 July 2026 every Egyptian trading, industrial, craft or professional taxpayer must, whatever its turnover, unless under a simplified regime.
When do Egypt's new auditing standards apply? Decree 3725 of 2025 replaces the 2008 set in full, for financial years beginning on or after 1 January 2027.
What separates limited from unlimited liability, and how much capital does each Egyptian company form need? Six forms compared by founders, liability and minimum capital.
When is input VAT deductible in Egypt? An e-invoice and a year-end accountant's certificate unless payment is on the ETA system; schedule tax excluded; shared input apportioned.
What has to close in the books every month? Cash, receivables, payables, stock and fixed assets, payroll and VAT — and the returns each one ultimately feeds.
What separates a qualified opinion, an adverse opinion and a disclaimer? Egypt's current Standard 701 sets the test for each, read differently by banks, buyers and shareholders.
How an ERP actually connects to the ETA's systems: registering as a delegate, e-signing, submission and validation, item coding, and the cancellation and rejection rules.
What closes each phase of an ERP implementation in Egypt? A signed-off deliverable, from requirements to go-live, and no go-live before the e-invoicing integration is tested.
What follows from not issuing an Egyptian e-invoice? A buyer's cost without one from an obliged supplier is disallowed and its input VAT lost, often heavier than the fine.
What is Egyptian withholding computed on, and when is it remitted? 1%, 3% and 5% on the net before VAT, with Form 41 filed for each quarter by the end of the following month.
What is filed monthly and what annually in Egypt? VAT monthly, Forms 41 and 4 quarterly, and the corporate return by 30 April or four months from year end.